论县级博物馆的发展现状及对策

随着物质生活水平的不断提高，人们对精神层面的追求也日益增加，蕴含浓厚历史、艺术色彩的博物馆事业的发展也就越来越受到人们的关注。然而，在经济社会迅猛发展的进程中，县级博物馆事业的发展在“免费开放”的机遇和挑战下，也日益凸显出其不适应性，不能跟上时代发展的步伐。如何丰富和提升县级博物馆的公共文化服务功能，发展壮大县级博物馆成为新一代文博人思考的问题？文章阐述了县级博物馆发展中的问题，并就下一步的发展对策进行了详细解读。     

小兴安岭生态旅游产业转型中政府行为研究

立足小兴安岭生态旅游产业发展现状,分析政府"失当"行为带来的负面影响,提出推进生态旅游产业发展的对策,旨在通过政府行为的积极引导和支持,推动小兴安岭特色生态旅游的快速发展,进而更好地实现小兴安岭生态旅游产业转型。     

橡胶品种对东方真叶螨实验种群发育及繁殖的影响

为探明不同橡胶品种对东方真叶螨发育及繁殖的影响,在温度(27±1)℃、相对湿度(70±5)%、光周期L∶D=12 h∶12 h的室内条件下,观察了东方真叶螨在IAN873、热研7-33-97、PR107、热研7-20-59、云研77-4、GT1、RRIM600等7个橡胶品种上的发育历期、存活率和产卵量,并组建了其种群生命表。结果表明:世代发育历期以GT1最长,为10.69 d,以云研77-4最短,为10.29 d;世代存活率主要由卵期的存活率决定,除PR107上的存活率为89.09%外,其余均在93.00%以上;产卵量以GT1上最多(45.47粒),而RRIM600上最少,仅为22.56粒;净生殖率R0、内禀增长率rm和周限增长率λ均以GT1上的为最高,分别为27.021 1、0.224 5、1.251 7,在RRIM600上的最低,分别为16.616 8、0.203 8、1.226 0。初步认为GT1是最适宜东方真叶螨的发育与繁殖的品种,而RRIM600是最不适合该螨发育与繁殖的品种。     

新式墙面绿化在广州和深圳的应用研究

新式墙面绿化对日益缩减的城市绿化环境至关重要,通过实地调查广州和深圳30个新式墙面绿化场所,分析其种植形式、植物种类、植物配置与景观效果,总结出深圳和广州新式墙面绿化的植物应用现状和景观效果,并讨论其发展前景。     

Spatio-temporal factors influencing the occurrence of Syngamus trachea within release pens in the South West of England

Syngamus trachea is a pathogenic tracheal nematode that causes syngamiasis in wild and game birds, especially when birds are managed at high densities. Despite its pathogenic nature, very little is known about its epidemiology and relationship with ambient temperature and humidity. The spatial and temporal modelling of disease was undertaken on two pheasant estates within the South West of England from April 2014 to August 2014. Significant differences between the mean numbers of eggs per gram of soil were identified between pens at both site 1 and site 2 but did not differ significantly between sites. Egg abundance was significantly associated with soil moisture content, with greater egg survival between years in pens with higher average volumetric soil moisture content. Previous years stocking density and pen age were also associated with greater egg survival between years with more eggs being recovered in pens with greater stocking densities, and pens that had been sited longer. The greatest model to explain the variation in the numbers of eggs per gram of soil per pen was a combination of soil moisture content, stocking density and pen age.Larval recovery differed significantly between sites. Larval abundance was significantly and positively associated with temperature and relative humidity at site 1. Similarly, temperature and humidity were also positively and significantly associated with larval abundance at site 2. Rainfall did not influence larval recovery at either site 1 or site 2. The model with the greatest ability to explain larval abundance at both sites, was a combination of temperature, humidity and rainfall. Infection status (positive faecal egg counts) was significantly and positively associated with larval abundance at both sites, but rainfall was only positively associated at site 1. Temperature and humidity were positively associated with infection status at site 2, but not at site 1. The present study highlights the influence of climatic variables on both egg survival and larval abundance, and could therefore be used to develop more targeted treatment strategies around periods of higher disease risk. The frequent use of release pens is a clear factor in the epidemiology of syngamiasis, and it is recommended that pens be rested and/or rotated in order to reduce infection pressure in subsequent flocks.     

Determinants of groundnut rosette virus disease occurrence in Uganda

Groundnut rosette virus disease (GRVD) is the major constraint to groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) production in Uganda. It is principally transmitted by the groundnut aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch). The disease is known to cause total crop failure in cases where susceptible varieties are used. During any particular season, GRVD displays variations in incidence and severity in different agro-ecologies within the country, but the reasons for the varying disease patterns remain unclear. This study was aimed at establishing the factors influencing the occurrence of GRVD in Uganda. Trials were established for three seasons in four groundnut growing locations situated in different agro-ecologies in Uganda. Four groundnut genotypes were used as treatments in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Disease progress and aphid populations were assessed at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after planting. Data on environmental factors; particularly rainfall, temperature and wind speed were obtained from standard meteorological stations located at/near the study sites. Soil samples and yield data were also obtained in each season. The study revealed that disease incidence; severity and groundnut yields were significantly affected by season, location and genotype. The same applied to their three way interactions. Levels of disease infection were found to be majorly influenced by rainfall and wind speed. Disease incidence and severity were generally higher in conditions with less rainfall and low wind speeds. The Pearson's two tailed correlation between total rainfall and disease incidence for all trial sites was negative and highly significant (r = −0.280, P ≤ 0.01). The same was true for wind speed and disease incidence (r = −0.476, P ≤ 0.01). However, there was no conclusive trend between temperature and disease incidence with the Pearson's two tailed correlation showing significantly positive and negative trends depending on location.     

杨忠堡村牛羊养殖特色主导产业发展规划

作为“整村推进”的“科技扶贫”工作人员,在当地主导产业发展规划的制定中,必须要通过认真地调查研究,依据当地生产力发展的基本条件、发展现状及发展趋势等,科学利用资本积累及运行发展的基本规律,坚持“扬长补短、发挥优势,壮短益长、挖掘潜力,突出重点、优先发展”的基本原则,寻求能够促进当地生产力快速高效发展的方法和措施.介绍了杨忠堡村的概况,阐述了牛羊养殖特色主导产业规划的主导思想及生产内容,制定了产业发展方向和目标,并分析了预期经济效益.     

Management strategies for forage rape (Brassica napus L. cv Goliath): Impact on dry-matter yield,plant reserves,morphology and nutritive value

Limited information is available on the grazing management principles of forage rape (Brassica napus L.), particularly in relation to grazing height and intensity and the impact of these on dry-matter (DM) yield and nutritive value. A glasshouse study was undertaken to investigate the effect of three defoliation heights (plant height at harvest; DH: 40, 70 and 90 cm; L, M and H DH respectively) and three defoliation intensities (height at which plants were cut; DI: 5, 20 and 35 cm of residual height; H, M and L DI respectively) on forage rape (cv Goliath) yield and nutritive value at two harvests (harvest 1, H1 and harvest 2, H2), and the impact of nitrogen (N) and water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) reserves on regrowth. Increasing DH from L to H increased estimated total DM yield (H1 plus H2) from 0.5 to 4.6 t DM/ha but DI did not affect yield. Dry-matter yield was optimized at 90 cm DH, but greater nutritive value was achieved by harvesting at lower levels of DH. Despite high in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD; 852–889 g/kg), harvesting at 90 cm DH could not meet the protein requirement of lactating dairy cows and harvesting at lower levels risks nitrate poisoning. Our results indicate the optimum DH may be between 70 and 90 cm DH, and 20 and 35 cm DI, which requires further studies.     

茶文化在高职林科类院校心理健康教育中的实践与探索

茶文化作为中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分,其蕴含的心理健康教育思想内容丰富且历史悠久。近年来高校大学生数量激增,学生心理健康问题层出不穷,在高职院校中尤为凸显,且高职林科类院校中艰苦专业多,当前心理健康教育方式方法出现瓶颈,效果固化。通过茶文化中积极健康的思想,结合大学生心理健康教育教学,创新教育途径,探索并找到较好的实践运用手段,提高大学生的心理健康素质,促进大学生综合水平提高,具有较好现实意义和价值。     

解决夏季母猪“饥而不饿”的营养招数

夏季来临，温度是影响猪群健康的第一要素，尤其对于母猪，在高温下其对营养的吸收利用及代谢均会发生改变，导致母猪代谢不畅而不愿采食，这将严重影响猪群健康及繁殖成绩。文章将从营养调节角度分析，并结合生产实践来解决这一问题，以期为猪场夏季母猪健康养殖提供借鉴和参考。